[{"id":48260,"date":"2024-12-04T17:34:07","date_gmt":"2024-12-04T15:34:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/?p=48260"},"modified":"2024-12-04T17:34:08","modified_gmt":"2024-12-04T15:34:08","slug":"ramaphosa-shuffling-cabinet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/2024\/12\/04\/ramaphosa-shuffling-cabinet\/","title":{"rendered":"Ramaphosa shuffling cabinet"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Today&#8217;s Daily Friend Show with Sara Gon and Nicholas Lorimer discusses the cowardly decision to not fire the justice minister. 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Other bodies and individual departments have often taken up the sort of role envisaged for DOGE, but never has there been a dedicated government institution with the sole task of coming up with budget cuts and regulations to scrap.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Despite the enormous expansion of the public sector across the world, the rise in deficits, and the ballooning of public debt, governments rarely fundamentally question what they are doing. There are few governments that have a mandate to cut spending. It is mostly \u2018government as usual\u2019 without disruption.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Agile private businesses continuously review, monitor and question what they are doing and how they can become more efficient, and often they can quickly change strategy and turn themselves around. An immense amount of good can come out of questioning whether activities are really worthwhile, and how savings and greater efficiency can be achieved.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>President Donald Trump\u2019s idea for DOGE might have come from the new Ministry of Deregulation and State Transformation that Javier Milei, the radical libertarian President of Argentina set up. Its job is to scrap regulations that restrict the economy. In Argentina the number of government departments has halved through a combination of mergers and abolitions, and many regulations have been scrapped.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Now that two countries will soon have similar departments, such entities might become a global standard. Key will be giving such departments real authority within a government.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unlike the Ministry of Deregulation in Argentina, DOGE in the US has no authority to implement cuts or scrap regulations. DOGE won\u2019t really be a government department but rather more of an advisory body, headed by two part-timers: the entrepreneurs Elon Musk and Vivek Ramaswamy. Its role, according to a statement issued by President Donald Trump, will be to \u201cprovide advice and guidance\u201d and work with the Office of the Management of the Budget, which draws up the US federal government budget.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So, it could become a place where ideas that might upset key constituencies and beneficiaries of big spending and regulation go to die. The US system of checks and balances between the President, Congress and the Supreme Court makes it difficult to get things done.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But having set it up, the Trump Administration will have a strong incentive to show that it is not a toothless body. Because President Trump will not be able to run for a third term, he might be prepared to upset important constituencies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since the plan for DOGE was launched, the naysayers have lined up to say it just won\u2019t work. Their common thread is that working in the federal bureaucracy is very different from working in the private sector, as rules on the whole don\u2019t allow for quick actions. Laws mean the new Administration will not be able to fire thousands of civil servants or revamp the government. Besides, some argue, more civil servants are needed to make the government more efficient.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Except for the last point, much of this argument does hold true. But that does not mean that with strong political will, DOGE proposals could eventually be acted upon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are numerous constraints on DOGE, which may mean its suggestions could either be watered down or not get anywhere. The current plan is for DOGE to come up with $2 trillion in cuts, amounting to short of a third of US government spending. That could be difficult, as only $1.7 trillion of the $6.3 trillion spent by the US Federal Government last year is discretionary spend. The rest is made up of spending required by law, such as that on social security, debt and interest payments, which cannot be cut without a change in legislation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another problem is that while Trump promised tax and spending cuts, people generally like handouts and US federal government spending that benefits their state. And it is often the case that Congressmen exchange their support for a bill for a clause that brings a special project to their state.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So Musk and Ramaswamy might find themselves frustrated, but at least the idea for such a Department as internal questioner, critic, and source of ideas has been launched.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>South Africa would have some problems with a DOGE, but there would be large benefits. In South Africa total budgeted spending for this financial year is R1,913 billion, of which 40 percent &#8211; R382 billion &#8211; is spent on debt service and R378 billion on grants. And of the remaining 60 percent, 40 percent of the budget is spent on health and education, which would be almost impossible to cut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Due to the low number of clean audits of public sector bodies, we do not really have a reliable picture of public spending and where deep cuts could come from. The Auditor-General\u2019s Report on National and Provincial Audit Outcomes released last week shows an appallingly low level of clean audits. Only 17 percent of the bodies responsible for critical areas to the poor (such as energy, water, health, and education, which make up 77 percent of spending) have clean audits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Under such circumstances, the best solution might be to allow the private sector to take on the sort of roles provided by the state. That would be anathema to the ANC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>DOGE-type departments are desperately needed around the world. Despite a digital revolution and the transformation of economies, many governments have hardly changed in what they do and how they do it. Few have fully embraced digital government with its savings. Very rarely is there deep internal questioning about whether governments should in fact be performing a particular activity, even in the face of years of failure. Regulations that were implemented years ago just seem to stay forever, due to bureaucratic inertia and the protection of vested interests, often involving the civil servants themselves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In South Africa, exchange controls survived, in a less stringent form, the end of the country\u2019s apartheid-era isolation. The assumption that the SA Reserve Bank\u2019s foreign exchange control department is the best arbiter on what sums can be taken offshore is plain wrong and inefficient for the economy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Our host of regulations on labour and black empowerment have deterred investment, yet the government wishes to entrench them further. Unemployment has risen, and because of the hit to confidence from excessive regulation, investment has been far lower than it should have been. Yet the ANC sticks to these regulations in the face of failure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A government agency with a mandate to report objectively on such failures would be a step in the right direction. But would an ANC-dominated government take the advice?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It certainly would not allow the power that such a department has in Argentina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[Photo: Screenshot\/NBC News]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The views of the writer are not necessarily the views of the Daily Friend or the IRR.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>If you like what you have just read,&nbsp;<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/fund-us\/\">support<\/a><em>&nbsp;the Daily Friend<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Image: ChatGPT<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is exceptional about the plans by the incoming Trump Administration to set up a Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) is that this has never<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":48257,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"coauthors":[95],"class_list":["post-48244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinions"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The DOGE: A new gold standard for governments? 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His articles have appeared on DefenceWeb, Politicsweb, as well as in a number of overseas publications. Katzenellenbogen has also worked on Business Day and as a TV and radio reporter and newsreader. He has a Master's degree in International Relations from the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University and an MBA from the MIT Sloan School of Management.","url":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/author\/jonathan\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/31"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48244"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48244\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/48257"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48244"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=48244"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=48244"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=48244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":48245,"date":"2024-12-04T04:09:00","date_gmt":"2024-12-04T02:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/?p=48245"},"modified":"2024-12-04T10:03:08","modified_gmt":"2024-12-04T08:03:08","slug":"lawfare-against-israel-%e2%88%92-the-travesty-of-the-icc-warrants","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/2024\/12\/04\/lawfare-against-israel-%e2%88%92-the-travesty-of-the-icc-warrants\/","title":{"rendered":"Lawfare against Israel \u2212 the travesty of the ICC warrants"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>I draw extensively, here, on a discussion between Dan Senor and British barrister Natasha Hausdorff, an expert on international law, foreign affairs, and national security policy, on Senor\u2019s&nbsp; podcast series, <em>Call Me Back<\/em>, with a few clarificatory comments of my own.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is worth noting the quality of his guests, particularly Israeli journalists and commentators whose historical and political knowledge, as well as their access to military information, is comprehensive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>As background<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In his introduction, Senor referred to an article in 2012 in the <em>New York Times<\/em> written by Mahmoud Abbas, the leader of the Palestinian Authority. Abbas issued his \u201cDeclaration of lawfare\u201d, calling<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>for the internationalisation of the conflict as a legal, not just a political<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>matter. Such lawfare is intended to be an abuse of legal systems and processes generally, and of international legal institutions particularly in regard to Israel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 1982, Abbas was granted a doctorate for his thesis&nbsp;<em>The Relationship Between Zionists and Nazis, 1933-1945 <\/em>by the Institute of Oriental Studies, a commission of the Soviet Academy of Sciences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The warrants of arrest<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On Thursday 21 November 2024, the International Criminal Court (ICC) issued warrants of arrest for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, former Minister of Defence Yoav Gallant, and Hamas master military strategist Mohammed Deif. Deif was killed by the Israelis in Gaza in July, but the ICC premised his warrant on the belief that his death has not been confirmed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Netanyahu and Gallant&#8217;s warrants accuse them of attempting to orchestrate starvation as a method of warfare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>US president Joe Biden has called the warrants &#8220;outrageous&#8221; and said that the US government rejects the ICC decision. Republican leaders of Congress \u2212 the Republicans will have the majority in Congress when Donald Trump is sworn in on 20 January \u2212 directed very harsh statements at the ICC, implying that there will be repercussions for the ICC as an institution, and for several European countries which have said that Netanyahu and Gallant would be arrested if they landed in their countries.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hausdorff says that the application by Prosecutor Karim Khan to the ICC&#8217;s pre-trial chamber was summarised for a press conference which he gave on 20 May. The very public nature of the application, and its being accepted by the court, is very unusual: this type of warrant request is usually made in secret so that the subjects are not aware that they are subject to a warrant of arrest.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Khan also appeared on <em>Amanpour <\/em>on CNN. His emphasis was principally on the allegation of intentional starvation, which included false allegations that Israel had closed the crossings into Gaza and had deliberately restricted aid into the Gaza Strip. The warrants also allege the targeting of civilians throughout the war against Hamas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The organisation which Hausdorff represents, UK Lawyers for Israel, responded to Khan&#8217;s press summary line by line, made a submission to the ICC, and wrote a further letter to the prosecutor to establish that every phrase of every sentence was false. An example: the prosecutor relied on a report that suggested that famine might come to parts of the Gaza strip.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Khan&#8217;s report of intentional starvation was reviewed by the United Nations <a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/unispal\/document\/ipc-famine-third-review-report-25jun24\/\">Famine Review Committee report<\/a> which indicated that Khan&#8217;s allegations had been based on insufficient or incomplete information, and drew implausible conclusions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rather than seeking to review his position, Khan told the court to ignore any and all submissions made to it that did not emanate from him on the question of accuracy.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The overriding impression one receives of the process and the press release that the ICC issued on Thursday 21 November is that the ICC made its determination on the basis of false information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>History and role of the ICC<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The ICC was established by the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.icc-cpi.int\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-05\/Rome-Statute-eng.pdf\">Rome Statute <\/a>in the late 1990s and started functioning in 2002. It has no formal relationship with the United Nations (UN), save for the provision that the UN Security Council can make referrals to the court. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ironically, both Israel and the US were considerably involved in establishing the notion of the formation of an international criminal court after World War II. The creation of international humanitarian and human rights law, and the notion of having international bodies to monitor them, was a consequence of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalww2museum.org\/war\/topics\/nuremberg-trials\">the Nuremberg Trials<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A permanent body would be created to bring the worst perpetrators of crimes against humanity and war crimes to justice. The ICC acts against individuals, not states; the latter are the purview of the International Court of Justice.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While drafting the Rome Statute, a particular political agenda started to creep in which meant that both the US and Israel, which initially signed the Rome Statute, neither joined the court nor ratified the international treaty to become members of the ICC.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the key reasons for their withdrawal was the inclusion&nbsp; in &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.icc-cpi.int\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-05\/Rome-Statute-eng.pdf\">Article 8 War Crimes<\/a>&#8221; of a provision of <em>Article 49: Deportations, transfers, evacuations<\/em> of the Fourth Geneva Convention. Hausdorff explained that Article 49 of the Convention is often used to claim that the presence of Jews in the West Bank\/Judea and Samaria is against international law, and that Israeli settlements were illegal. Contrary to the views of Israel&#8217;s detractors, the allegation of illegal occupation of the West Bank is not uncontested, it is disputed. Those who deny that the occupation of these territories is illegal refer to them as &#8220;the disputed territories&#8221; not &#8220;the occupied territories&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Article 49 is a provision against state transfer of individuals into an occupied territory, and the Rome Statute drafters introduced key words which directly or indirectly drafted this crime into Statute. The US and Israel saw that the drafters were trying to shoehorn the situation in the disputed territories into this definition of an alleged crime. Thus, it was a clear indication that Israel was going to be a political target of the ICC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In Hausdorff&#8217;s view, the current frenzied criticism of Israel and so much of the misreporting of the last 13 months is because the court is seeking to rehabilitate itself from accusations of racism and bullying of staff by going after Israel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition, in October allegations of sexual misconduct perpetrated by Khan became public, which may have contributed to the very public strategy of Khan regarding the warrants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Absence of jurisdiction &amp; right of delegation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At every juncture the ICC has refused to properly engage with the absence of jurisdiction: whether a body has jurisdiction is what distinguishes a judicial body from a political body.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The ICC simply does not have jurisdiction because Israel is not a party to it. The only other way that the court gets &#8216;territorial jurisdiction&#8217; to try individuals for crimes committed on a particular territory is if the entity, the state with jurisdiction over that territory, delegates it to the court or accepts the Court&#8217;s <em>ad hoc<\/em> jurisdiction over it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What the court has done is decided that &#8216;Palestine&#8217; is sufficiently a state to be able to join the court and delegate that jurisdiction. The problem is that Palestine isn&#8217;t a state; it is merely the Palestinian Authority (PA) that has purported to join the Rome Statute. The criteria for statehood are very clear in international law.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ilsa.org\/Jessup\/Jessup15\/Montevideo%25252520Convention.pdf\"><em>Montevideo&nbsp;Convention&nbsp;on the Rights and Duties of States<\/em><\/a><em>,<\/em> a treaty signed in 1933, contains the criteria for the existence of a state, including a permanent population, a defined territory, and a government with the capacity to enter into international relations. The PA simply does not fulfil those criteria. When the United Nations offered a two-state solution to the conflict in 1948, Israel accepted it, but the Arab countries did not. Israel declared independence and the United Nations recognised Israel as a country.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oslo_Accords\">The Oslo Accords<\/a>, a pair of international agreements between Israel and the PA, created areas A, B and C in the West Bank. Area A was designated by Israel as an area where the PA would have both civil authority and security control. Area B was shared, in that the PA has civil control, while Israel maintains security control. Control over Area C is retained by Israel.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These distinctions are important because the Accords never created a Palestinian territory. There was nothing that granted the PA the right to advance through to statehood, as it didn&#8217;t meet the necessary criteria to become a state. Final status negotiations, which were to begin by May 1996, never occurred.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(In 1995 Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, a negotiator at Oslo, was assassinated by a right-wing Jew. The murder was followed by a series of attacks by Hamas. This undermined the governing Labour Party, and the next election in 1996 saw the election of Likud and Benjamin Netanyahu in 1996. Likud was opposed to the establishment of a Palestinian state. In 1998 US President Bill Clinton hosted Netanyahu and Yasser Arafat at the Wye River Plantation, where they negotiated an agreement calling for further Israeli withdrawals from the West Bank. Infighting over the implementation of the Wye Memorandum, however, brought down Netanyahu\u2019s government in January 1999. Labour returned to government with Ehud Barak as prime minister. &nbsp;Clinton convened a summit at Camp David in July 2000, where he, Barak, and Arafat attempted to reach a final agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. The negotiations failed and Clinton has always blamed Arafat for the failure. The Second Intifada erupted on 28 September 2000 and ended 8 February 2005.)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Accords also prevented the PA from having, exercising or seeking to delegate any criminal jurisdiction over Israelis. Thus, the PA has no authority to delegate to the ICC something that it does not have.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Complementarity<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The ICC has also flouted its own rule of &#8216;complementarity&#8217;. The Rome Statute requires the ICC to act in a &#8216;complementary&#8217; fashion to a state&#8217;s jurisdiction. This means that the ICC may not replace a state&#8217;s sovereign jurisdiction where a state is willing and able to investigate and try any credible allegations itself.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A state should be afforded the opportunity to exercise its own jurisdiction. Ultimately the jurisdiction rests with the local state. Israel is in the middle of a war, and it is not appropriate at this time for the judicial authorities in Israel to tackle the allegations raised.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The day that Khan announced his arrest warrant application on 20 May, he was scheduled to meet Israeli officials to facilitate a dialogue about his concerns that would form the basis of the warrants. He failed to meet with the Israelis first or at all.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Israel&#8217;s judicial system is known for its robustness and the efficiency with which the rule of law is upheld. It is utterly inexplicable that the ICC would proceed in the circumstances without any discussion on the matter with the relevant state authorities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It&#8217;s important to note that there is a chain of command outside of the military chain of command in that, by law, the IDF are answerable to the attorney-general (A-G). The A-G approves or rejects military strikes. The A-G has authority over officers who have a more senior rank than he has.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Israel has always taken a robust approach to investigating allegations made against soldiers and ensuring that soldiers are properly disciplined.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At every level, the question of the jurisdiction of the ICC has been ignored. This lack of jurisdiction is a key issue that Netanyahu and Gallant would advance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Senor raised the breaches of international humanitarian law by other countries, such as President Bashar al-Assad&#8217;s prosecution of the civil war in which about 600,000 Syrians died. Al-Assad used chemical weapons and destroyed whole Syrian towns and villages, largely Sunni Muslim areas. According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unrefugees.org\/news\/syria-refugee-crisis-explained\/\">UN High Commission for Refugees<\/a>, 14 million Syrians were displaced by the war and 7.2 million remain displaced. Over 5 million became refugees. Seventy percent remain in need of humanitarian assistance and 90% live below the poverty line. Hausdorff explained that Syria is not a party to the ICC, so the ICC has no jurisdiction over it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Other countries that have not recognised the ICC are: Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bhutan, Brunei, China, Cuba, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Laos, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Mauritania, Micronesia, Myanmar, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niue, North Korea, Pakistan, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Qatar, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Somalia, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Swaziland, Togo, Tonga, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Vatican City, and Vietnam.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>International law on determining the borders of states<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Settled international law provides that the borders of states come into existence through the application of customary international law called <em>uti possidetis iuris.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Uti possidetis iuris <\/em>provides that new sovereign states should keep the internal borders of their previously dependent area at the time of independence.&nbsp;The principle&#8217;s goal is to prevent territorial disputes by establishing the territorial heritage of new states and turning existing lines into internationally-recognised borders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Before the creation of Israel on 14 May 1948, the administrative lines of the British mandate included East Jerusalem, the West Bank and Gaza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During the 1948 war, Jordan occupied (and then annexed) East Jerusalem and the West Bank, and Egypt occupied Gaza from Israel. This situation applied until the 1967 war when Israel recovered that territory.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the West Bank the administration by the PA exists entirely as a consequence of the Oslo Accords. There is no change to the underlying status of the territory from 1948 onwards, and every single international agreement has been clear that a change to borders will be a matter of final status agreements that determine the borders of those States.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So the ICC, in giving state recognition to the PA, ignored applicable international law.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since the author began to write this article, the Israeli government has announced that Netanyahu and Gallant will appeal the issuing of the warrants to the ICC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[Photo: Screenshot\/I24 &#8211; Netanyahu &amp; Gallant]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>If you like what you have just read,&nbsp;<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/fund-us\/\">support<\/a><em>&nbsp;the Daily Friend<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I draw extensively, here, on a discussion between Dan Senor and British barrister Natasha Hausdorff, an expert on international law, foreign affairs, and national security<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":48246,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"coauthors":[103],"class_list":["post-48245","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinions"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.9 - 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Broke out of 17 years in law to pursue a classical music passion by managing the Johannesburg Philharmonic Orchestra and more. Working with composer Karl Jenkins was a treat. Used to camping in the middle of nowhere. Have 2 sons who have inherited a fair amount of \"rant-ability\" themselves.","url":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/author\/sara-gon\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48245","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48245"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48245\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/48246"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48245"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=48245"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=48245"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=48245"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":48247,"date":"2024-12-04T04:06:00","date_gmt":"2024-12-04T02:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/?p=48247"},"modified":"2024-12-03T19:04:03","modified_gmt":"2024-12-03T17:04:03","slug":"all-sas-property-rights-threatened-by-move-on-rural-landowners-irr-warns","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/2024\/12\/04\/all-sas-property-rights-threatened-by-move-on-rural-landowners-irr-warns\/","title":{"rendered":"All SA\u2019s property rights threatened by move on rural landowners, IRR warns\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Pressure must be brought to bear against the harmful aspects of the recently signed Communal Property Association (CPA) Amendment Act if the argument in favour of property rights and economic freedom is to be won, not just for rural landowners.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So says Institute of Race Relations (IRR) Fellow Gabriel Crouse, author of the IRR\u2019s latest paper, <em>Property Rights Deprived at Agricultural CPAs, <\/em>launched at a webinar discussionwith IRR project and publications manager Terence&nbsp;Corrigan yesterday.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In a <a href=\"https:\/\/irr.org.za\/media\/deprivation-of-rural-property-rights-a-threat-to-all-2013-irr\">statement<\/a>, the IRR says the interests of all South Africans are invested in the fight for the property rights of the estimated 470,000 rural landowners in Communal Property Associations who, by being barred under new legislation from leasing or selling land without state approval, have been deprived of the opportunity to improve their lives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cProperty rights are indivisible. If the property rights of some are exposed to deprivation by the state, so are the property rights of all,\u201d Crouse says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The report points out: \u201cWhatever social engineers in the Union Buildings think, landowners cannot, under the Constitution, be deprived of their property arbitrarily, and the denial of one\u2019s right to lease or sell is a clear deprivation.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Crouse notes that South African property rights have faced a series of major assaults since 2017, but the latest \u2013 enacted in the Communal Property Association (CPA) Amendment Act, which was signed into law by President Cyril Ramaphosa in October \u2013 is a singular defeat for an estimated 470,000 rural landowners.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It compels these hundreds of thousands of property owners across rural South Africa to get \u201cconsent\u201d from a state official before they can lease or sell their land.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the new law, CPA landowners cannot lease or sell their land without first gaining \u201cconsent\u201d from a state \u201cRegistrar\u201d by proving that it is in the landowners\u2019 own interest to sell their own land.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Crouse says: \u201cThe CPA system is already a disaster for many families that were forcibly dispossessed by the apartheid state. The CPA Amendment has made their situation worse. Given time, the ricochet will penetrate big city financial centres, and their customers.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The IRR points out that the CPA Amendment Act is directly harmful to CPA landowners, who are reported to own over 2 million hectares of land across rural South Africa. For example, the new \u201cconsent\u201d requirement threatens to delay the renewal of leases past plan-to-plant windows, which in turn could cause the proposed lease to collapse and result in no farming being undertaken for the season. This would amount to expropriation without compensation (EWC) of the use-rights on a particular CPA property for a season.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Second, the absurd precedent set by the \u201cconsent\u201d requirement is that landowners in South Africa could be prohibited by Parliament from selling their property, or leasing it out, because a government official believed that the owner would be better off refusing the sale instead. The principle of a voluntary contract between consenting adults that does no harm to third parties would thereby be nullified as the basis of property rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If the CPA Amendment precedent is legally accepted, then a regime of \u201cprescribed assets\u201d \u2013 where the state forces pension funds, insurers, banks and other major investors to hold designated assets \u2013 will be one step closer to commanding the economy. Once 470,000 rural landowners are deprived of the property right to decide what to do with their own possessions, all South Africans are exposed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is recommended that the statute be struck down by the fast passage of a repeal of the relevant parts of the law curbing property rights, and in the meantime the executive branch of the state should stay the law\u2019s harmful effects. Short of this, the report says, court action will be required to vindicate the rights of CPA landowners.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Beyond that, the CPA system reform must allow CPA landowners to sell their properties on the open market.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Click <a href=\"https:\/\/streamyard.com\/watch\/PzyYZzyqQfHQ\">here<\/a> to watch the webinar in which Crouse discusses the contents of his report with IRR project and publications manager Terence&nbsp;Corrigan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[Photo: https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/governmentza\/21402663910\/in\/photostream\/]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pressure must be brought to bear against the harmful aspects of the recently signed Communal Property Association (CPA) Amendment Act if the argument in favour<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":48248,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[198,2],"tags":[],"coauthors":[94],"class_list":["post-48247","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dispatches","category-news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>All SA\u2019s property rights threatened by move on rural landowners, IRR warns\u00a0 - Daily Friend<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/2024\/12\/04\/all-sas-property-rights-threatened-by-move-on-rural-landowners-irr-warns\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" 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to go it alone in 2026 elections&#8230;again"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>The South African Communist Party (SACP) has decided to contest the 2026 Local Government Elections (LGE) independently of the ANC.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>General Secretary Solly Mapaila said that at its 5th Special National Conference in the next two weeks, the party will finalise the specifics of its independent campaign plan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bilateral talks with the ANC will continue and be reviewed in January, Mapaila added, even though the SACP told the ANC of its decision during a meeting last week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cAfter the Special National Congress, the Political Bureau and the Central Committee will delve into tactical details towards the 2026 local government elections.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cFollowing our all-important bilateral meeting with the ANC on November 24, 2024, going forward our engagement will be firmly guided by the outcomes of our Special National Congress,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The SACP has previously put up candidates in the Free State&#8217;s Metsimaholo Local Municipality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mapaila told the media that the decision to contest the elections was taken last year, but the decision was made to pause the move to support the ANC and also because of how the \u201cimperialist forces\u201d fought to bring the ANC down.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He agreed that the SACP will be on the ballot paper in 2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe want to contest elections to win them and drive a radical social transformation agenda that can serve the interest of the majority of our people in this country and not the interest of the minority few, white racists and capitalists,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The general secretary has repeatedly expressed disappointment with the ANC for going into coalition with the Democratic Alliance in the Government of National Unity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But the two organisations met last week to iron out their differences, especially on the GNU matter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[Photo: Screenshot\/SABC]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The South African Communist Party (SACP) has decided to contest the 2026 Local Government Elections (LGE) independently of the ANC.&nbsp; General Secretary Solly Mapaila said<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":48250,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"coauthors":[94],"class_list":["post-48249","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>SACP to go it alone in 2026 elections...again - Daily Friend<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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Madonsela chides Donald Trump"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Former public protector Thuli Madonsela has condemned recent threats by US president-elect Donald Trump to impose 100% tariffs on BRICS countries if they pursue the creation of a new currency.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Madonsela described Trump&#8217;s threat as bullying and \u201csupremacist\u201d, emphasising that no country has the right to assert dominance over others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cDear President-elect Trump, please note that just as no person has a right to dominate others. No country has a right to assert supremacy over others to order them to submit to its domination,\u201d Madonsela said on X.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI reject responses that say whoever has greater economic means must call the shots, that the wise move from those in a weaker economic position is to simply comply. Such supremacist paradigms enable pathologies like gender-based violence (GBV) to prevail with impunity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cEstablishing a fairer world requires the challenging of bullies and related supremacists. Oligarchy should not benefit from our blessing, complicity, indifference or cowardice.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She urged African leaders to consider Trump\u2019s threat \u201cas a cue to diversify your economies, especially trade arrangements\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In a post on X a few days ago, Trump warned BRICS countries \u2014 which include Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa \u2014 to commit to not creating a new BRICS currency or backing any other currency, lest they face severe economic penalties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[Photo: <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/thulimadonsela3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Prof Thuli Madonsela #KindnessBuilds (@ThuliMadonsela3) \/ X<\/a>]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Former public protector Thuli Madonsela has condemned recent threats by US president-elect Donald Trump to impose 100% tariffs on BRICS countries if they pursue the<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":48256,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"coauthors":[94],"class_list":["post-48251","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.9 - 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They also discuss the economy shrinking in Qthe third quarter and border\u00a0crossings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Fikile vs the KZN ANC\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/RhsB8az9CLA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@DailyFriendSA\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nicholas Lorimer and Hermann Pretorius discuss the battle between the KwaZulu-NatalANC and the ANC national leadership over who is to blame for the party\u2019s performance<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":71,"featured_media":48243,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"video","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[74],"tags":[],"coauthors":[97],"class_list":["post-48242","post","type-post","status-publish","format-video","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-podcasts","post_format-post-format-video"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.9 - 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The show is broadcast live every Tuesday from 09h00 to 10h00 on Chai FM 101.9 and deals with the politics of the day and related issues. We also include an interview with an interesting guest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you want to listen to previous podcasts they can be found on Chai FM at https:\/\/www.chaifm.com\/irr-show\/ or click on \u2018Authors\u2019 and go to \u2018Sara Gon\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-embed-handler wp-block-embed-embed-handler\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<!--[if lt IE 9]><script>document.createElement('audio');<\/script><![endif]-->\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-48240-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chaifm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/2024.11.26-Giulietta-Talevy.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chaifm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/2024.11.26-Giulietta-Talevy.mp3\">https:\/\/www.chaifm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/2024.11.26-Giulietta-Talevy.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Sara talks to senior financial journalist Giulietta Talevi about the decrepitude, mismanagement, and theft afflicting the Johannesburg Art Gallery<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>We present the podcasts of the weekly IRR Show on Chai FM. The show is broadcast live every Tuesday from 09h00 to 10h00 on Chai<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12355,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[74],"tags":[],"coauthors":[103],"class_list":["post-48240","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-podcasts"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Giulietta Talevi reveals the gross mismanagement of the Johannesburg Art Gallery and undermining the city&#039;s heritage - Daily Friend<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/2024\/12\/03\/giulietta-talevy-reveals-the-gross-mismanagement-of-the-johannesburg-art-gallery-and-undermining-the-citys-heritage\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Giulietta Talevi reveals the gross mismanagement of the Johannesburg Art Gallery and undermining the city&#039;s heritage - Daily Friend\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"We present the podcasts of the weekly IRR Show on Chai FM. 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Broke out of 17 years in law to pursue a classical music passion by managing the Johannesburg Philharmonic Orchestra and more. Working with composer Karl Jenkins was a treat. Used to camping in the middle of nowhere. 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Have 2 sons who have inherited a fair amount of \"rant-ability\" themselves.","url":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/author\/sara-gon\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48240","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48240"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48240\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12355"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48240"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=48240"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=48240"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=48240"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":48228,"date":"2024-12-03T04:15:00","date_gmt":"2024-12-03T02:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/?p=48228"},"modified":"2024-12-02T22:22:03","modified_gmt":"2024-12-02T20:22:03","slug":"only-government-can-end-the-culture-of-corruption","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/2024\/12\/03\/only-government-can-end-the-culture-of-corruption\/","title":{"rendered":"Only government can end the culture of corruption"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Ending corruption doesn<\/strong>\u2019<strong>t require a <\/strong>\u201c<strong>social contract\u201d to <\/strong>\u201c<strong>change the culture\u201d. Government has the sole responsibility to end and prevent corruption.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the comments on <a href=\"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/2024\/11\/29\/what-didata-scandal-says-about-private-sector-corruption\/\">my recent column<\/a> about Dimension Data, a certain Prometheus&nbsp; Revisited <a href=\"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/2024\/11\/29\/what-didata-scandal-says-about-private-sector-corruption\/#comment-6601772959\">makes an excellent point<\/a>. The adage that \u201cit takes two to tango\u201d, they argue, is a red herring.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt is government\u2019s job to create a zero tolerance environment,\u201d they write. \u201cThe ANC government has created, and continues to support a culture of impunity.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s been a while since <a href=\"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/2022\/01\/18\/lets-not-scapegoat-private-sector-for-government-corruption\/\">I\u2019ve written about this<\/a>, so it bears repeating.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A view popular with ANC cadres, Cosatu bigwigs, SA Communist Party comrades, and the left-wing media: the notion that the private sector is also corrupt so singling out the government is unfair, is sorely misguided.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/2024\/11\/29\/what-didata-scandal-says-about-private-sector-corruption\/\">Last week\u2019s column<\/a> on the fraudulent sale of The Campus (which, incidentally, would have been a crime with or without their having undermined BEE legislation, since it violated section 75 of the Companies Act) made the point that private sector corruption differs materially from public sector corruption.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the private sector, the victims are usually limited to investors who willingly took a risk, and have recourse in law. By contrast, public sector corruption affects every citizen, although each incident costs those millions of individuals only a very small amount each, which means it is rare that anyone has the means or motive to challenge government corruption.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Culpability versus responsibility<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What Prometheus Revisited adds to this argument is that when a government official or politician and a private company or individual engage in a corrupt transaction \u2013 be it bribery, fraudulent invoicing or tender irregularities \u2013 it may be true that both parties are legally culpable, but only one had the responsibility of preventing corruption in the first place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A company has a fiduciary duty to its investors. A government has a fiduciary duty to its taxpayers. (And by \u201ctaxpayers\u201d, I mean everyone, because everyone pays at least VAT and fuel levies.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is the government\u2019s duty to safeguard the public fiscus from being drained by private interests, just as it is my own duty to guard my banking password, lest strangers dip into my vast fortune.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Arguing that the thieves are responsible is trite. They are guilty, perhaps, but prosecuting them is to close the stable door after the horse has bolted (and requires a minimally competent NPA, which South Africa clearly lacks).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Creating corruption<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prometheus Revisited also makes the point that a corruptible government <em>creates<\/em> corruption, by corrupting companies that otherwise would not be corrupt.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When government officials are corruptible, it becomes a competitive necessity for companies and private individuals to take advantage of that corruptibility. If they don\u2019t, their rivals will, so honesty is not the best policy for directors acting in the best interests of their shareholders.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Corruptibility in government ends up forcing companies to exploit those weaknesses more creatively than their competitors are able to do, because being honest only serves to cede business to rivals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this way, the mere fact that government is corruptible causes corruption to infect more and more of the private sector.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Morality versus self-interest<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It makes little sense to complain about the morality of it all. If everyone was perfectly moral, we would need no laws at all. We need laws because we cannot depend upon people\u2019s morality.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We can only depend upon their self-interest, which is why free markets remain the best way to allocate scarce resources among infinitely many wants and needs.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As Adam Smith wrote: \u201cIt is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker, that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest. We address ourselves, not to their humanity but to their self-love, and never talk to them of our own necessities but of their advantages.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If government officials and politicians are corruptible, they will be corrupted. If not by one set of greedy opportunists, then by another. Furthermore, the more power (and budget) a government has, the more there is to be corrupted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Shouting at the opportunists who take advantage of this corruptibility is pointless. The <em>only<\/em> way to prevent corruption is to make government less corruptible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This requires several things.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Crime and punishment<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For a start, corruption among civil servants and politicians must be punished, severely. Not only criminally, but anyone who gains a reputation for shady dealings should simply not be considered employable in government. Nepotism, self-dealing, inflating invoices, and fronting should be scandals that destroy careers.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Officials caught accepting bribes, or colluding with private interests to defraud the fiscus, should find it difficult to land jobs as cashiers or petrol pump attendants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Institutions and procedures<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Second, there should be robust anti-corruption institutions. This includes the sort of judges that wrote the ruling against the Didata executives last week, as well as a truly independent investigation unit that cannot be suborned by the very same politicians or civil servants that they\u2019re mandated to oversee.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It requires systematic measures to avoid conflicts of interest. The entire Didata case revolves around a conflict of interests. So does most cronyism and corruption.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Government business must be transparent, and should require diligence. It should be much harder to do business with government than it is to do business with private sector customers. Companies shouldn\u2019t be able to hide behind trade secrets to thwart public scrutiny of their pricing and product quality.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There should be third party oversight of government spending by a body of auditors that can randomly investigate any contract or tender to assure propriety and value for money.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Attack surface<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Third, and perhaps most importantly, government should never be allowed to grow beyond the point where these measures begin to fail. The bigger a government gets and the more it spends, the more power and money there is to corrupt.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In software development, applications must be secure against any and all comers. Developers can\u2019t sit back and say, well, those villains shouldn\u2019t attack my software, so they\u2019re to blame. They have to design software to be secure in the first place.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In that industry, programmers talk of an \u201cattack surface\u201d. The more code there is, and the more complex it gets, the bigger the attack surface becomes. The bigger the attack surface, the less secure the software, and the more must be spent to secure an application by responding to bugs, hacks and security breaches.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Likewise, the bigger a government\u2019s attack surface becomes, the more corruption we should expect. And since corruptibility creates corruption, the only solution is to minimise a government\u2019s attack surface by minimising government itself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The buck stops here<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All of this requires no action on the part of the private sector. It\u2019s pointless to point fingers at the Guptas, or Steinhoff executives, or consulting firms, or Schabir Shaik.&nbsp; (Remember him? Fifteen years ago, he was paroled because he was on death\u2019s door. How\u2019s his golf handicap these days?)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All these remedies for corruption lie squarely within the responsibility of government. Only government can punish corrupt officials frequently enough that the risk of being caught acts as a deterrence. Only government policy can establish the institutions and procedures that prevent conflicts of interest and other causes of corruption. And only government can reduce its own attack surface.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As Prometheus Revisited said, that it takes two to tango is a red herring: \u201cIf government and law enforcement allow an environment in which corruption thrives to take hold, the corrupt will migrate to that environment.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This isn\u2019t a public-private partnership thing. It isn\u2019t about a \u201csocial contract\u201d among \u201csocial partners\u201d. It isn\u2019t a \u201cwhole of society\u201d fight against a \u201cculture of corruption\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One hundred percent of the responsibility for preventing corruption lies with the government, and ultimately, the buck stops at the desk of the President.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[Image: BuckStopsHere.webp CAPTION: The buck stops here. Composite image created by the author from public domain photographs.]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The views of the writer are not necessarily the views of the Daily Friend or the IRR.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>If you like what you have just read,&nbsp;<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/fund-us\/\">support<\/a><em>&nbsp;the Daily Friend<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ending corruption doesn\u2019t require a \u201csocial contract\u201d to \u201cchange the culture\u201d. Government has the sole responsibility to end and prevent corruption.&nbsp; In the comments on<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":43,"featured_media":48229,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"coauthors":[96],"class_list":["post-48228","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinions"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Only government can end the culture of corruption - Daily Friend<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dailyfriend.co.za\/2024\/12\/03\/only-government-can-end-the-culture-of-corruption\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Only government can end the culture of corruption - Daily Friend\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ending corruption doesn\u2019t require a \u201csocial contract\u201d to \u201cchange the culture\u201d. 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